From Ancient Greece to Modern Times A History of Sunscreen

Protecting skin from the suns harmful rays has always been a concern. Early civilizations fought this danger by utilizing a variety of plant extracts. For example, ancient Greeks used olive oil, and ancient Egyptians used extracts of rice, jasmine, and lupine plants.  Zinc oxide paste has also been popular for skin protection for thousands of years. Interestingly, these ingredients are still used in skincare today. When it comes to the sunscreen we are familiar with, however, all active ingredients are chemically derived, a feat that could not have been possible thousands of years ago. Perhaps thats why most modern sunscreens were invented by chemists. So, who is responsible for the invention of sunscreen, and when was sunscreen invented? There are several different inventors who have been credited over time as being the first to develop the protective product. Who Invented Sunscreen? In the early 1930s, South Australian chemist  H.A. Milton Blake  experimented to produce a sunburn cream. Meanwhile, the founder of LOreal, chemist Eugene Schueller, developed a sunscreen formula in 1936. In 1938, an Austrian chemist named Franz Greiter invented one of the first big sunscreen products. Greiters sunscreen was called Gletscher Crà ¨me or Glacier Cream and had a sun protection factor (SPF) of two. The formula for Glacier Cream was picked up by a company called Piz Buin, which was named after the place Greiter was sunburned and thus inspired to invent sunscreen. In the United States, one of the first sunscreen products to become popular was invented for the military by Florida airman and pharmacist Benjamin Green in 1944. This came about because of the hazards of sun overexposure to soldiers in the Pacific tropics at the height of  World War II.   Greens patented sunscreen was called Red Vet Pet, for red veterinary  petrolatum. It was a disagreeable red, sticky substance similar to petroleum jelly. His patent was bought by Coppertone, which later improved and commercialized the substance. They sold it as the Coppertone Girl and Bain de Soleil brands in the early 1950s. A Standardized Rating With sunscreen products becoming widely used, it was important to standardize the strength and effectiveness of each product. Thats why Greiter also invented the SPF rating in 1962. An SPF rating is a measure of the fraction of sunburn-producing UV rays that reach the skin. For example, SPF 15 means that 1/15th of the burning radiation will reach the skin (assuming the sunscreen is applied evenly at a thick  dosage  of two milligrams per square centimeter). A user can determine the effectiveness of a sunscreen by multiplying the SPF factor by the length of time it takes for him or her to suffer a burn without sunscreen. For example, if a person develops a sunburn in 10 minutes when not wearing a sunscreen product, that person in the same intensity of sunlight will avoid sunburn for 150 minutes if wearing a sunscreen with an SPF of 15. Further Sunscreen Development After the U.S. Food and Drug Administration first adopted the SPF calculation in 1978, sunscreen labeling standards have continued to evolve.  The FDA issued a comprehensive set of rules in June of 2011 designed to help consumers identify and select suitable sunscreen products that offered protection from sunburn, early skin aging, and skin cancer. Water-resistant sunscreens were introduced in 1977. More recent development efforts have focused on making sunscreen protection both longer-lasting and broader-spectrum, as well as more appealing to use. In 1980, Coppertone developed the first UVA/UVB sunscreen, which protects skin from both long- and short-wave UV rays.

Essay on Tralfamadore- Truth or Imagination - 758 Words

Can troublesome war experiences really play a role in causing hallucinations? A hallucination is a sensory experience of something that does not exist outside of one’s mind. An individual who suffers from hallucinations is Billy Pilgrim. Billy, a person who can supposedly time travel, jumps between his time on the alien planet Tralfamadore, his experiences during World War II, and his captivity in a German prison camp. His hallucinations may have been caused by the airplane crash that damaged his brain. He believes that there is a planet named Tralfamadore, far from Earth, and that he has been kidnapped and taken there to be studied. Throughout the novel, Billy believes that what he sees is real while many others, like his daughter†¦show more content†¦Furthering the resemblance between Billys hallucinations and The Big Board, a girl is also kidnapped and taken to planet Tralfamadore. She is a woman named Montana Wildhack, who is also displayed in a zoo, naked, and is forced to mate with Billy. Billy’s imagination appears to be coming right out of the book because his experiences on Tralfamadore mirror what happens to the people in the book. Also he reads a lot of Kilgore Trout books and they are all about science fiction and aliens. Just like Zircon-212, Tralfamadore is not because Billy remembers what he has read in Kilgore Trouts books and makes it into his reality. Billy not only consumes the plot from Kilgore Trout books but also uses his personal experiences to trigger Tralfamadore. Billy’s similarities between his personal experiences and his life at Tralfamadore question the existence of that planet. People, when they go to war, return with very disturbing memories. Since Billy went to war, one could see that he makes a getaway from the horrors of war by letting his thoughts run desolate and creating a fictional planet named Tralfamadore. One time is when he was kidnapped and he was â€Å"introduced to an anesthetic to put him to sleep† (77). As soon as he fell asleep he felt the acceleration of the saucer as it left Earth and regained consciousness to when he was in a boxcarShow MoreRelated Comic and Tragic Elements in Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse Five1485 Words   |  6 Pageseach dimension by contrasts in its comic and tragic elements. The historical seriousness of the Battle of the Bulge and the bombing of Dresden are c ontrasted by many ironies and dark humor; the fantastical, science-fiction-type place of Tralfamadore is, in truth, an outlet for Vonnegut to show his incredibly serious fatalistic views. The surprising variations of the seriousness and light-heartedness allow Vonnegut to show effectively that war is absurd. The most important historical plot strandRead MoreInsanity of War in Slaughterhouse Five1504 Words   |  7 Pageseach dimension by contrasts in its comic and tragic elements. The historical seriousness of the Battle of the Bulge and the bombing of Dresden are contrasted by many ironies and dark humor; the fantastical, science-fiction-type place of Tralfamadore is, in truth, an outlet for Vonnegut to show his incredibly serious fatalistic views. The surprising variations of the seriousness and light-heartedness allow Vonnegut to show effectively that war is absurd. The most important historical plot strandRead MoreTralfamadore: An Escape To Sanity1879 Words   |  8 Pagestime-traveling World War II chaplain’s assistant, through his wartime experiences as well as his expeditions to Tralfamadore, the planet where he is taken and put on display by aliens who strongly resemble plungers. The Tralfamadorians teach Billy the concept that time is unalterable, and that any event that happens has happened and will forever happen. There is no free will on Tralfamadore. Destiny is unalterable: I am a Tralfamadorian, seeing all time as you might see a stretch of the RockyRead MoreKurt Vonneguts Tragic Path to Success1128 Words   |  5 Pagestoo simplistic, he has a following of readers who like his imagination and sense of humor, both humorous and dark. He was both irreverent and highly moral at the same time, and this unusual combination has made his voice fundamental to American literature. Kurt Vonneguts most notable work the classic Slaughterhouse-Five starts with Billy Pilgrim, a man who becomes unstuck in time after he is taken by aliens from the planet Tralfamadore. In a scrambling display of skill, it follows Pilgrim concurrentlyRead More The Thought-experiments in Kurt Vonneguts Slaughterhouse Five or the Childrens Crusade: A Duty Da3375 Words   |  14 Pagescosmic irony with its continuous laughter at systems and philosophies and its paradoxically pragmatic attempts at dealing with the new view of reality (Lundquist 88). The reader is left with an uncertainty of where the actual experience ends and imagination begins. The novel forces the reader to become more involved with the text, suspecting the validity of every piece of the novel; the reader is brought closer into the text, closing the gap between the reader and the author. Thus Vonnegut transformsRead MoreThe Yellow Wallpaper, By Charlotte Perkins Gilman2534 Words   |  11 Pagesappearance and reality, and to show how human beings distort or conceal the latter’. The role of unreliable narrator within science-fiction is rendered yet more complicated through the introduction of an array of plot mechanisms limited only by the imagination of the author. Similarly, narrative reliability can become confused through the employment of altered mental states. This essay will consider mental illness and the use of intoxicants (specifically illegal psychoactive substances) within a pairing

Managing People in Organization in Kazakhstan

Question: Discuss the management of employees in Kazakhstan is situated at the core of Asia? Answer: Introduction Every business organization faces several issues in the management of diversity of employees in an effective manner (Essen, 2005). Therefore, it is very important for the organization to manage the diversities in order to sustain in the business world. Management of employees The country Kazakhstan is situated at the core of Asia. The citizens who are present in the country are generally Muslims by religion. The differences in culture play a negative impact among these people in the country of United Kingdom. These are in relation with the behaviour that is expected from the countries of Asia. These cultural differences act as a barrier between the relationships of employees of a particular business organization (Iverson, 2000). The corporate culture adds up to the differences of the behaviour of the employees of the organization in a negative manner. In Kazakhstan, business relationship management plays the most effective part in all the existing business of the organizations present in the country. Business relationships and business dealings assists to cater through the prospective clients in a positive manner. This is generally observed to add official greetings among the business colleagues of the organization. Formal greetings also have a positive p art in the country of Kazakhstan, irrespective of the time based culture among the people. In United Kingdom, the scenario is totally different. The formal business meetings are directly linked with the regularities in daily life of the employees. The business environment in United Kingdom is totally rigid and formal in nature. In an organization, an issue can also arise due to the ineffectiveness of personal space. In the countries of United Kingdom and Kazakhstan, in an organization several individual spaces can be kept among all the prospective employees both in short run and as well as in long run (Kim Lee, 2014). In case of Kazakhstan, the individual space of the employees is on the lower side and there is no scope for perceived close relation or any sort of intimate relations. However, this is not in the case of United Kingdom. There, the managers and the supervisors share positive terms with each other (Lowther, 2006). Therefore, the leadership requirements in both the countries are different to each other. Kazakhstan follows a more bureaucratic leadership style and in case of United Kingdom, Germane and other European countries, they follow a transactional form of leadership of transformational form of leadership in an effective manner. Both these leadership styles have several merits as well as demerits. It further depends upon the ability of dealing with the people in an effective manner. The two main criteria that can be evaluated in the given case are trust, bonding, loyalty and formation of justice. Conclusion It can be further concluded that all the multinational business organizations face several issues to enter into new markets or new domain. Therefore, it is of great essence for them to nullify the difference of culture and religion of the employees and stuff in an effective manner. If the organization is successful, then the organization will be highly successful to compete with the competitors with diverse range of employees. References Esen, E. (2005). 2005 workplace diversity practices. Alexandria, VA: Society for Human Resource Management. Iverson, K. (2000). Managing for Effective Workforce Diversity: Identifying Issues that Are of Concern to Employees. Cornell Hotel And Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 41(2), 31-38. Kim, H., Lee, U. (2014). Managing workplace diversity and employees' turnover intention: The mediating role of perceived organizational support. Journal Of Digital Convergence, 12(10), 145-156 Lowther, R. (2006). Embracing and managing diversity at Dell: Introducing flexible working and a womens network to help retain key employees. Strategic HR Review, 5(6), 16-19.

Why Is It Important To Study The Holocaust Essay Example For Students

Why Is It Important To Study The Holocaust Essay #65279;Analysis of the HolocaustOf all the examples of injustice against humanity in history, the Jewish Holocaust has to beone of the most prominent. In the period of 1933 to 1945, the Nazis waged a vicious war againstJews and other lesser races. This war came to a head with the Final Solution in 1938. One ofthe end results of the Final Solution was the horrible concentration and death camps of Germany,Poland, and other parts of Nazi-controlled Europe. In the aftermath of the Holocaust, peoplearound the world were shocked by final tallies of human losses, and the people responsible werepunished for their inhuman acts. The Holocaust was a dark time in the history of the 20th century. We will write a custom essay on Why Is It Important To Study The Holocaust specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now One can trace the beginnings of the Holocaust as far back as 1933, when the Nazi party ofGermany, lead by Adolf Hitler, came to power. Hitlers anti-Jew campaign began soon afterward,with the Nuremberg Laws, which defined the meaning of being Jewish based on ancestry. These laws also forced segregation between Jews and the rest of the public. It was only a dimindication of what the future held for European Jews. Anti-Jewish aggression continued for years after the passing of the Nuremberg Laws. One ofthese was the Aryanization of Jewish property and business. Jews were progressively forcedout of the economy of Germany, their assets turned over to the government and the Germanpublic. Other forms of degradation were pogroms, or organized demonstrations against Jews. Thefirst, and most infamous, of these pogroms was Krystallnacht, or The night of broken glass. This pogrom was prompted by the assassination of Ernst von Rath, a German diplomat, by 1 2Herschel Grymozpan in Paris on November 7th, 1938. Two days later, an act of retaliation wasorganized by Joseph Gobbels to attack Jews in Germany. On the nights of November 9th and10th, over 7,000 Jewish businesses were destroyed, 175 synagogues demolished, nearly 100 Jewshad been killed, and thousands more had been injured, all for the assassination of one official bya Jew. In many ways, this was the first major act of violence to Jews made by the Nazis. Theirintentions were now clear. The Nazis plans for the Jews of Europe were outlined in the FinalSolution to the Jewish question in 1938. In a meeting of some of Hitlers top officials, the ideaof the complete annihilation of Jews in Europe was hatched. By the time the meeting was over,the Final Solution had been created. The plans included in the Final Solution included thedeportation, exploitation, and eventual extermination of European Jews. In September 1939,Germany invaded western Poland. Most, if not all Jews in German-occupied lands were roundedup and taken to ghettos or concentration camps. The ghettos were located inside cities, and werea sort of city/prison to segregate Jews from the rest of the public. Conditions in the ghettosincluded overcrowding, lack of food, and lack of sanitation, as well as brutality by Nazi guards. Quality of life in a ghetto was probably not much above that in a concentration camp. In June1941, Germany continued its invasion of Europe by attacking and capturing some of the westernU.S.S.R. By this time, most of the Jews in Europe now lived in lands controlled by NaziGermany. The SS deployed 3000 death squads, or Einstagruppen, to dispatch Jews in largenumbers. In September 1941, all Jews were forced to wear yellow Stars of David on their armsor coats. A Jew could be killed with little repercussions for not displaying the Star of David inpublic. Some of the first Jewish resistance to the Final Solution came in 1943, when the process 3of deportation to concentration and death camps was in full swing. The Warsaw ghetto in Poland,once numbering over 365,000, had been reduced to only 65,000 by the continuing removal ofJews to camps in other lands. When the Nazis came to round up the remaining inhabitants of theghetto, they were met with resistance from the small force of armed Jews . The revolt lasted foralmost three weeks before being subdued. .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .postImageUrl , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:hover , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:visited , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:active { border:0!important; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:active , .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221 .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf2f07f350fd8d30e4079c65340262221:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Language Arts Socratic Seminar Questions EssayBetween the years of 1941 to 1945, the main destination for Jews to be transported was aconcentration camp or death camp somewhere in Poland or Germany. In these camps, innocentJews, along with Gypsies, Slavs, Jehovas Witnesses, Communists, and P.O.W.s, were brutallybeaten and abused, fed meager rations of poor food,

147523-547837 - Michelle Glaser- Jul 3, 2017 1217 AM - A World Without

Michelle Glaser Dr. William Sewell English 201 Composition II A World Without Bodies Film ENGL-201-D31-2017SU Composition I A World Without Bodies Film This is a horror movie of the Nazi rule with respect to how it treated persons with disabilities. The film takes the method of a trip to Bernberg: the program -makers tours there with families of disabled people. The close people to honor all who m have died, consider the killings that had been done and reveal upon current day approaches to people living with disabilities . A World without Bodies film articulates an imperative story, and it fixes to a defiantly biased perspective . It is not perfect . Nevertheless, the I nfirmity Film Festival suggests a stage for programme-makers who are not in position to express their work in a conventional setting. This specific film is a brilliant case of precisely why we should rejoice its reality. 8763001559560 Starting with the outline of life science ideology , the filmmakers explore mechanisms of mass murder set up initially to persons with and thereafter moved to intended areas . This film gives a lasting sight into the health and social belief that headed to the or ganized killing of more than 270,000 physically challenged persons during World War II. The film eventually asks us to think of the effect of these actions on our approaches to people with infirmities in our local areas. Before we stretch to the city of Bernberg in the 21st century, audiences are drawn over the acres of clear records detailing the planned slaying of people with disabilities during the Nazi rule . Consider that in Barenberg people with disabilities are taken to hospitals and starved ; plac e cards having the writings 'S ome People Are Born to Be a Burden on The Rest'. There is a boundless agreement of doubt to the organized murder of disabled persons, which is in ways considered more adequate than the losses of other individuals who grieved during the Nazis. Some tried to defend the killings by saying that they were releasing the anguish of the involved. The film-makers prop ose s that this approach implies that this is the way of today's society as well , saying that di sabilities are seldom celebrated on ceremonies to other Holocaust fatalities , and that still view the " mercy killing" of persons with disabilities is right . Persons with disabilities faces several types of stigma which are because of their condition and the unpleasant encounters they have with those they interact with on daily basis. The bond between a person and their relatives is one of the strongest bonds in the world. Therefore, the killing of children and parents breaks this bond and threatens both the health of the parent and the one of the children . One of the stigmas facing protagonist is confusion and the overwhelming situation caused by the threat of the death . He is trying to navigate through an incredibly challenging world in which he has little support. Some parts of the film are horrific. The nurse testifies to the eyesight of viewing seventy stripped Bernberg 'patients' being chattered , snapshots of dark buses with tinted windows which were used to in transportation of disabled people to organizations of death, explanations of the whiffs which must have puffed over Bernberg while preys' bodies were being ashed in the crematorium, the crash as David Mitchell closed the door of the gas chamber. It is weird, seeing a group of people s with disabilities wheel and tremble near gas chambers . This is very absolutely a protest movie . The idea is that there is a great pact of uncertainty towards the organized murder of people with disabilities. Today, people living with mental disability are experiencing a unique type of torture - in addition to the one of living with that condition - separation from their children. Losing custody of a family member is only serving to intensify their pain . As seen in the movie, some of them are going through struggles when their loved ones are murdered in front of them. It is not necessary for a parent living with a disability to lose

Argues for the decriminalization of medicinal marijuana.

Argues for the decriminalization of medicinal marijuana. Gordon Hanson, an epileptic, served six months in a jail cell in Minnesota. Byron Stamate spent three months in a California jail when he tried to help his disabled girlfriend. Gordon Farrell Ethridge spent 60 days in an Oregon cell, though he had been diagnosed with terminal cancer. Will Forster was sentenced to spend more than 90 years in an Oklahoma jail, despite the fact that he suffered from chronic pain. These four people were all unjustly forced to serve time for trying to self-medicate with marijuana. As a result of the sentences, Hanson served his time despite his sporadic seizures. Stamate's girlfriend committed suicide so she would not have to testify against her boyfriend. Ethridge served his time while enduring the side effects caused by chemotherapytreatments. And Forster still sits in a jail cell, continuing to have chronic pain (Marijuana PolicyProject, mpp.org).There are only seven people allowed by federal law to use marijuana medicinally, though tens of thousands o f people use it as a medicine nationwide (MPP).Drug Enforcement Administration badge.For some people, legal medical options have been proven unsafe or ineffective, leading them to consider marijuana. Their only options are to either continue to suffer from their ailment or break the law, forcing them to worry about the trauma of getting caught. If this happened, their house would besearched and they would be handcuffed and escorted away in a police car. They may serve time in jail, eventually having to deal with court costs and attorney fees. Probation would result in urine tests, preventing the use of medicinal marijuana. The patient could lose their job, resulting in inability to pay for insurance or their bills. They would also get the reputation of being a "druggie," making doctors reluctant to prescribe pain medication to them, even if they...

The Lived Experience of Older Hispanic Women with Chronic Arthritic Research Proposal

The Lived Experience of Older Hispanic Women with Chronic Arthritic Pain - Research Proposal Example The various factors that influence the effectiveness of the treatment or prevention need to be identified and evaluated for providing better care and mechanisms of pain management and preventive measures. The study would look at the lived experience of older Hispanic women with chronic arthritis and help identify the various aspects of health disparity, disability and pain due to chronic arthritis in older Hispanic women who are 65 years and above. 2a. Statement of the problem In the target demographic segment of 65 years and above age group, chronic diseases are quite common. Christ and Diwan (2009) assert that from 2010, when the baby boomers start turning 65 years and above, there would be significant rise in the aged population. CDC (2007) reports that ethnic minority and Hispanic older population would be nearly 39% of 65 and over population by 2050! Hispanic American would increase by 18%. The racial diversity of older population becomes important ingredient of healthcare deliv erables because of the increasing health disparity. It further informs that 54% of women are afflicted with arthritis. With relatively large percentage of population constituting of Hispanic Americans, women, in particular, are more prone to arthritis and other chronic diseases. 2b. Purpose of the study The basic purpose of the study would be to study the lived experience of older Hispanic women with chronic arthritis and find out various aspects of the illness that impact quality of life in the target segment. It would help to address the issue from the wider perspective of socio-economic and cultural paradigm that would help evolve new mechanisms for improving their life. 2c. Significance of the study The study would help the authorities and healthcare industries to address the various external factors that impact the effectiveness of the arthritis treatment in older Hispanic women. It would go a long way in easing the pain of the chronic illness in aged Hispanic women who have be en living with the constant pain and disability caused due to chronic arthritis. 3a. Research question Q1 To what extent ethnicity or culture influence the treatment experience? Q2 Why women are more vulnerable to chronic arthritis than men? Q3 What are the external environmental factors that impact the lived experience of older Hispanic women? Q4 How pain is perceived in chronic diseases across cultures? Q5 Should geriatric care be redefined vis-a-vis pain perception across culture? 3b. Hypothesis Arthritis, especially rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronically painful syndrome of aching and burning pain of the joints (Merskey and Bogduck, 1994). Constant pain and difficulty in carrying out daily work are the major consequences of arthritis (Melanson and Downe-Wambolt, 2003). The disability becomes a crucial factor that not only impacts the physical condition of the women but also influences her mental and cognitive abilities to live normal life. The socio-economic conditi ons of the people can aggravate or delay the chances of age related diseases, especially arthritis. Indeed, environmental factors like poverty, cultural paradigms, racial health disparity etc. are significant factors that have adverse effect on the health. It is therefore assumed that by identifying the factors that influence its treatment, women

E-Business Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

E-Business Case Study - Essay Example The internet that has now emerged and matured, presents a paradigm shift in its very ideation. The infrastructure has acquired a business character, a transcontinental personality and a vending framework of wide-ranging, business, educational, scientific and personal data. Now its use covers real-time computer conferencing, audio broadcasting, video broadcasting, real time telephony and of course real-time business. E-business in its simplest form can be described as doing business in electronic form. Electronic business is the extensive use of computers, communication technology, networking technology and computerized data to perform business processes. In other words, e-business is any system of suppliers, distributors, or customers that use the Internet as the basis for their operations. It can range from using e-mail to communicate with customers and/or conduct business to a web page promoting a company, from a full e-commerce retail site to the integration of procedures and proc esses using Internet based technology. It takes its cue from terms like e-mail, e-commerce, e-governance etc. The term "e-business" was coined by Lou Gerstner, CEO of IBM. Today leading online stores and companies have moved beyond the ‘one-size-fits-all’ approach to internet relationship. It is an electronic commerce application used for B2B or B2C. Online shopping has become popular mainly because of its speed and ease of use. Initially users were mostly computer literates, but now the universality of access marks a paradigm shift in e-business operations. E-business is more than just e-commerce. It involves business processes spanning the entire value chain: electronic purchasing and supply chain management, processing orders electronically, handling customer service, and cooperating with business partners. Now the internet e-business portals greet each customer by name and present targeted information and services that correspond to each visitor's unique preferences and requirements. This type of personalized attraction increases customer loyalty, enhances revenue for the company and helps in establishing a valuable database of customers. The internet may be changing the way we do business, but it hasn't altered the fundamentals of human nature. People still respond to personalized services. They want to be treated as individuals and they appreciate intelligent assistance in finding products and services that meet their unique needs. Businesses that understand their customers and cater to their individual preferences benefit in two k ey ways. In the short term, they increase the sales potential of every customer interaction. In the long term, they establish a more loyal customer base. Corporate investments in e-commerce sales and marketing applications continue to climb steadily. With a personalized e-business solution, a company can customize the online experience for every visitor who comes to its internet, extranet, or intranet site. The process is relatively straightforward. Visitor information is accumulated through a registration process and by observing online behavior. Patterns can be analyzed and compared. Market segments can be defined and reliable predictions can be made about the products or services that interest a particular individual or group. Based on this analysis, a unique combination of information and promotions are presented to each user. The click stream behavior of each visitor can be monitored and feedback gathered accordingly. Personalized services can improve efficiency and communication throughout the e-business value chain. Companies can also push targeted content depending on the user's business role and personal preferences, further adding value to the user and strengthening the key business objectives. As is the case with the p ersonal business-to-consumer environment, in this case also the tangible and intangible benefits are quite comprehensible. Information flow can be optimized, so that right information gets to the right person at the right time delivering the right content.

Should Laws Governing Nursing Homes Be Changed Essay

Should Laws Governing Nursing Homes Be Changed - Essay Example It leads to abandonment of duties, and possible casualties are patients in need of special care 24 hours. Getting an all-round care should be the heart and center of nursing homes (Brickley, Lu & Wedig, n.d.). Changing the law is known to affect normal operation hence curtailing the norm. Freedom is a right in the bill of rights and as such should not have borders. Care facilities should be directed by government to ensure people using the facility access. The structure that changes due to the enactment of laws will drive uneasiness in the state of being of the care seekers. The outfit robs patients of the calm, which fosters the healing process (Connell, 2004). To conclude, nursing homes are imperative facilities within society. Laws governing the operation some of the times may hinder operation when changes are effected. With respect to rejection of the new law and discomfort felt by the care seekers, changing laws need cautious approach. The right approach to changing and implementing laws will be to involve all the stakeholders in the nursing facility. Brown, L., Hyer, K., & Polivka-West, L. (2007). A comparative study of laws, rules, codes and other influences on nursing homes disaster preparedness in the Gulf Coast states. Behav. Sci. Law, 25(5), 655-675.

Website Proposal For Holiday Inn Hotel Tourism Essay

Website Proposal For Holiday Inn Hotel Tourism Essay The shrinking world is expanding the outreach of tourists. No more do hotels have a fully staffed reservation department with managers, assistant managers, supervisors and agents. The internet has conveniently replaced numerous phone calls, faxes and payment issues. Now potential guests just dial a toll-free number or book directly on the internet. According to Forrester Research 32% of hotels revenues come through online bookings. They include both direct reservations and those made through third party websites. The travel industry allocates 29% of its marketing budget to online marketing. (Cullen)This is so because the importance of integration of E-Commerce with business strategies is realized. This is also because the nature of the traveler and travelling is changing. Present day travelers are hyper-interactive, who are texting, tweeting, emailing, communicating with friends via face book and commenting on their current or previous travels. The advent of social media and mobile Web means that potential guests for the hospitality industry have continuous access to multi-channel interaction and sharing opinions. Thus hotel websites have to be designed in order to handle this hyper-interactive user. Thus hotel websites can no longer be static brochures with stale and boring context. (Max Starkov). Back ground The Holiday Inn hotel is a subsidiary of the IHG group of companies. It is a brand which remains consistent towards the board. Guests at the 1874 Holiday Inn hotels around the world know that they will be treated well and have certain level of expectations regarding the service. In fact the idea for the Holiday Inn hotels came into the mind of its founder, Kemmons Wilson, when he was disappointed with the consistency of road side motels during a trip to Washington DC. Consistency is a great advantage when it comes to providing services. The art of total quality management lies with the hospitality greats like Marriott, Hilton and of course Holiday Inn but when it comes to social media policies and the ever changing world of the internet consistency has a huge down side. Consistency is not the only key feature of the Holiday Inn hotels and resorts. Innovation goes side by side with consistency. Holiday Inn hotels were the first ones to introduce the Holidex reservation system giving its competitors a run for money. Holiday Inn hotels also initiated the idea for indoor pools, termed Holidromes, turning its hotels into resorts. This innovation and comfort, which is the landmark of the Holiday Inn hotels, should be made evident in the hotel website. With the advent of time, Holiday Inn is now an established name in midscale provision of hospitality. This midscale travel market consists of 43% of travelers worldwide. (Hospital and tourism industry report:Q2 2010) and is the sector of the tourism industry which faces the highest competition. With the tourism industry recovering from the economic depression of 2009, the number of tourists is increasing, but at the same time the new tourist is more cost conscious and e-savvy. With social medias burgeoning levels and websites like tripadvisor advising tourists on the wide range of living options available, the tourist might not fall for the reliability of brand names as the previous guests were. The increasing travel trend resulting from economic recovery also means that the internet is bombarded with tourism information. This is so because due to economic conditions many hotel websites were abandoned during the past two years. The waking up of hoteliers means that new websites are profoundly different as they now cater to a different inventory distribution system, social media and cross channel marketing. Almost all new websites cater to mobile web applications and so does the Holiday Inn website. With increased globalization of the economy and increased competition hotels cannot rely on their past successes. Holiday Inn and IHG are bound to know this well as the hotel chain lost considerable market share in the 1980s. it is only after its re launch in 2007 that the hotel has again captured some part of its market segment. At the time of the re launch, the new hotel website was also launched. Consumers that visit the hotel website find a user friendly environment. The site provides availability details, locations, room features and descriptions of the surrounding area. But provision of these details is not enough for the highly competitive hospitality industry. Holiday Inn hotels needs to develop a website which highlights its core competencies, tackles competition from market rivals and eliminates the bargaining power of buyers. During the pre recession times, visitors were more satisfied with the Holiday Inn website than the industry average. This data was deployed from studies based on 31 websites of leading hospitality brands. It checked data based on the five most crucial dimensions of a visitors online experience. They were navigation, content, interactivity, motivation and adoption. The customer satisfaction was generally higher ranking in the 92nd percentile. (Website Satisfaction Soars at InterContinental Hotels Group) In the year 2007, the content dimension was an area of strength for the website. The amount of details provided covered a vast range of aspects of visitor concern. Coupled with this was the fact that the data was very well structured and easy to navigate. This led to an adoption rating higher than the industry average, pointing to future site referrals and a strong likelihood to return. The website also fostered brand loyalty. According to Sasha Paine, an analyst at iperceptions, There is no clearer indicator of a sites effectiveness than its ability to build loyalty among its visitors.(Website Satisfaction Soars at InterContinental Hotels Group) The new virtual market place allows small companies to compete with industry giants. This means that Holiday Inn faces competition not just from hotel chains like Ramada and Hilton but also from small hotels. By looking at the hotel website we can easily find out that the website is high in content. The most critical section, which is the reservations section, is right in front for customer ease. The reservations section helps finds locations and provide all details regarding the Holiday Inn hotel in the area to be visited. On the downside it is known that only 32% of visitors visit a hotels website to make reservations. (Hospital and tourism industry report:Q2 2010) The rest visit either to find information or to compare rates. For visitors who are not lured by the brand into booking, the website should be appealing and catchy enough to ensure adoption or at least a revisit. But what the website lacks is targeting new customer strategies. It seems that unlike other websites which appeal to new guests by providing reasons for staying at their hotels, the Holiday Inn relies on its brand name and preconceived notions about its excellence to get potential guests to make reservations. What is not realized is that website design is an illustrative art and making correct use of this art might ensure that visitors will not have to change pages or scroll down for the required information. A look at the key competitor Ramadas website demonstrates this very well. Though the reservation section is still on the main page of the site, the opening window encompasses much more than only the reservation section. It eyes potential customers and not just visitors by ensuring that new deals are right under the visitors nose. The slideshow of the Holiday Inn website is not very creative and is short with only 4 slides. Though it instantly appeal to the comfort factor and attracts business travelers immediately. The family and friends factor and fun travelling and living is excluded from the slide show. In contrast other websites have wider navigation menus and longer, swifter slideshows. Websites are using rich media foreg the Pueblo Bonito website and the Atlantis hotel in Dubai. Websites foreg theurbansuites.com are also trying to split visitors by demographics and visitor types to provide custom services. Websites have an increasing number of testimonials, blog links and some even have the press singing their praises. (Mackenzie) This you attitude employed by the website and marketing strategy appeals to visitors. This paper looks at the need for developing a new website for the Holiday Inn hotels. It observes the changing trends in both website designs of the hospitality industry and nature of travelers. Data is collected from visitors to the website and their satisfaction is analyzed. Satisfaction is measured using variables which include content of the website, ease of navigation, interactivity, motivation and adoption. This is done by e-surveys and observing visitor behavior on the website. Conclusions are then drawn regarding visitor satisfaction. Since online reservations make up a chunk of all hotel reservations, it will be very important to pay due attention to either reconstructing or renovating the website if needed. The new website can be developed by outsourcing the development of the website to some leading website developers specially related to the hospitality industry. Budgetary allocations will have to be made. They include consultancy costs, advertisement of the new website, Search Engine optimization costs and website development and mantainence. Research will have to be made on the percentage of revenues generated by the website, the potential for development and the amount competitors allocate towards online marketing and website development. Budget allocation and trends in the hospitality website industry along with weaknesses in the current website will provide guidelines for the new website. Rationale The hotel marketing industry is a booming industry which caters exclusively to hospitality providers. Surveys are done and researches made to find out about visitor and guest behaviors. These researches aid hotel marketing advisors in development of new websites and to target customers. Special online surveys are designed to get visitor opinions and rate their satisfaction. Some of the works done in this regard are The Iperceptions satisfaction index It is the only metric device to measure exclusively customer satisfaction with an online channel. It provides advice to hoteliers on data mining and analyzes that data to provide results and draw conclusions. The hospitality and tourism industry report This caters to timely changes in the hospitality and tourism industry providing hoteliers with the current trends and predicting the future condition of the market. Best practices in Hotel website design by Hospitality e-business strategies. A report prepared by hospitality e-business industries which looks at the importance of websites for hotels and outlines ways to do so. Best Practices for Maximizing Your Hotels Online Revenue ROI by Kathreen Cullen. This white paper is a survey which as the name suggests helps hotels maximize their online revenue. Although the content of these reports and many others which try to integrate E-Commerce with hospitality are industry specific but they provide broad guidelines for the Holiday Inn hotels. This paper will focus on how the Holiday Inn hotels should conduct its research? what would be the methodology of research and what strategies would be involved. The limitations of the research and the potential for advanced features on the Holiday Inn website will also be discussed. As Del Ross, vice president of Americas Distribution marketing for IHG, claims We truly believe in the paramount value of knowing our customers and capturing their opinions in the context of their actual online experiences by implementing improvements research for the new website will be centered around customer opinion and satisfaction. Data collection and methodology. Advanced research methods will have to be employed to gather data from website visitors. According to Cooper and Schindler (Methods) qualitative studies may be combined with quantitative ones to increase the perceived quality of the research, especially when a quantitative study follows a qualitative one and provides validation for the qualitative findings. There is a strong suggestion within the research community that research, both quantitative and qualitative, is best thought of as complementary (Malhotra) and should therefore be mixed in research of many kinds. There is a strong suggestion within the research community that research, both quantitative and qualitative, is best thought of as complementary and should therefore be mixed in research of many kinds. Both qualitative and quantitative data sets will have to be used. Since customer satisfaction regarding the website has to be measures, offline data collection can prove to be useless and mundane. Online data collection approach can be utilized in two ways and can result in both objective and subjective responses. The difficult part about this research is that though secondary data relevant to the industry is abundant, but none of this will be specific to the Holiday Inn hotel. Thus researchers will have to gather primary data from the scratch, analyze it and form conclusions about the current state of the hotel website. Sampling methods The sampling method will mostly be a non probability method as the only visitors cannot be forced to take part in the research. Probability sampling will be reserved for a small focus group. Quantitative research will depend upon visitors and visitors will only participate in qualitative research by choice. Quota method of sampling will be the most convenient. This is so because only potential travelers should be included in the research. Only people with annual income above $50000 will be sampled. Population below this income group generally is observed not to travel frequently. Similarly other characteristics of current guests can be used to find the different quotas which should be used in sampling. This kind of sampling will make it impossible to assess the sampling error as the results will not be representative of the population as a whole. Focus groups of targeted market will need to be used. Since the current website of the hotel and the general notion about the hotel chain is that it caters to mostly business travelers, business travelers can be selected randomly. They can be chosen from firms where work entails frequent travelling. These business travelers will be then asked to navigate through the website and answer relevant questions about the website content, ease of navigation, interactivity and adoption. The results can be classified and then visitor perceptions about the different aspects of the website can be rated. They will provide a clear guideline about the positive and negative aspects of the website. This focus group will be coupled with quantitative and qualitative data. The focus group technique will allow better screening of the focus group respondents to ensure that they are the people whom the hotel is most interested in and thus provides an in-depth insight. Descriptive data from the survey and the questionnaire will reveal information that could not be easily explained by the statistics from quantitative data. This survey will be limited to a very small population of potential Holiday Inn customers. It can be both biased and non-representative of the actual feelings of the general public. But this data will target the largest niche of current customers. Gathering quantitative data Quantitative data can be gathered by observing visitor behavior on the website. It can be done on a large scale on the website. The behavior observed includes number of clicks, time on site, no of visitors who made a reservation, net promoter scores and the page from where visitors are exiting. Relationships between variables can be observed. This can be done from web analytics of the website. The sample size from this kind of web analytics has to be large and therefore will have to be done over a period of time. For much of its history, web analytics has been concerned with measuring behavioral phenomena. Unique visitor counts, pages viewed/visit, time on site, bounce rates, click through rates, ad impressions, and, more recently, rich internet application events have But studying clicks alone can never tell more than a part of the visitors story and will never bring to light true engagement data. Behavioral analytics is akin to paleontology, in the sense that it presents a fossilized record of a visitors site experience, at least as much as can be captured through page tags with optimal cookie deletion rates. However much scientists study the material implements of the past, however, they will never truly be able to gauge whether people were happy and led meaningful lives. This is the primary shortcoming of behavioral research; the tracks a visitor leaves are necessarily incomplete without knowing intent, attitude, and satisfaction. Further, engagement indices will always be hollow metrics unless they can be made to account for loyalty, trust, and advocacy (iperceptions) Gathering qualitative data. Qualitative research will take more time and preparation. Different sampling methods and full time researchers will have to be employed to monitor data. The basic format will be inviting all visitors to the website for a short survey or questionnaire. It will have to be ensured that the questionnaire is short and to the point yet it is fulfilling the purpose. This is necessary because abandonment of questionnaires will lead not only to loss of data but will also cause distaste for the website in visitors. Like all qualitative and naturalistic research methods, questions will have to be developed which are clear and unambiguous but open to change as the research develops. It is necessary because both qualitative and quantitative research goes hand in hand. It is qualitative research which will give a holistic view of the complexities which the website poses to its visitors. In the course of the survey visitors will be asked to provide scores for the website attributes related to their online experience. Each of these attributes will be related to specific dimensions of the website. It can include questions such as whether the visitor likes the site enough to recommend it to another friend or colleague. The scaling can be done on a 1 to 10 scale ranging from very bad to outstanding. The attribute sets that will be selected will be in accordance with both the E-commerce and hospitality industry standards. They will be content, navigation, motivation and interactivity in this case. It might also address the most crucial section of the website which is the reservations section. Thus the questions to be addressed are Navigation Website functionality must be intuitive and easy-to-use. If visitors are cannot find the information they desire, they may lose interest and move on to another hotels site. It is also important to be sure that hotels provide the capability to allow customers to book via the method of their choice such as mobile and smart phone technology. Content The website must provide all necessary information. This information should not only be limited to the hotel but also about the area and activities where the hotel is located. The content of the website should be accurate, up-to-date, detailed and relevant. Interactivity This will address questions about the visitors ease of communication with the website and therefore the hoteliers. It measures functionality, collaboration, informational exchange, and the intuitiveness of transactional tools. Motivation This measures whether the online content matches with the services the hotel provides. It questions whether the customers feel that the site was trustworthy and if their time on the site was well spent. All these factors eventually answer one question and that is of adoption. This is the main factor of concern for the Holiday Inn hotels that whether the visitor will re-visit the website or refer the website to somebody else. Potential for new features New vanity websites can be added which cater to different locales. It should be ensured that the feel of the different websites remains the same but better search engine optimization can be achieved. The Holiday Inn website can be optimized in two ways. It is the need of the time to modify the contents for Search Engine optimization. The second is the renovation and restructuring of the website. New website design Visual content It has been observed that the Holiday Inn website has a subtle color appeal. It stands true to catering to business travelers as they can visualize themselves in that situation. But simultaneously excludes a large travelling class. A glimpse at the Marriott hotel website speaks loads about integrating target markets at one place. A boost of color on some place in the Holiday Inn website will provide the required energy to indicate that the hotel welcomes both fun and families. Selling travel is all about selling a vision, a dream-an intangible product. Rich media and its many formats-from photos and visual galleries, to videos and virtual tours, e-postcards, web cams, interactive maps, etc.-can truly present your travel product and make it tangible and real. Seventy-two percent of US Internet users view video online on the same scale as network television and 89% of users surveyed said video influenced their booking decision. Usability surveys about hotel websites show that the majority of users think hotel websites are lacking or need more pictures and images The website can also add more visual content as the number of slides on the main page slide show is only 4 and only targets limited audience. The website can make use of good photography which provide more details about rooms and amenities. Demand generator content. The website should add more localized content to each of its franchise content sites. This will not only aid in showing up on search engines but a description of the area and the activities of the areas helps visitors thus creating better chances of adoption. More navigation options can be introduced on the main page as even though the current website has a high content percentage but the visitor has to scroll and search for it. More tools can easily be added in the navigation tool bar without making the site look congested. Scalability The website platform should have the ability to grow with the needs of the growing Hotel Inn. Holiday Inn is launching new hotels so it should be ensured that the new website keeps pace with both the rapidly changing face of the hotel as well as the fast changing tourism industry. Thus new development should be both easy and inexpensive. It should be easy to add new pages without the returning visitor to find a change which hinders his navigation. Conclusion The rapid pace of change of tourism industry and the changing face of the traveler requires the Holiday Inn hotel to maintain a website which is intuitive and adaptative. Regarding this concern quantitative data can be analyzed from the websites web analytics. An understanding of this quantitative data can be done by a focus group survey of the target market and online questionnaires. Visitors to the website can be surveyed about their views about the website. This will be random non-probability sampling. The questions have to be short and succinct as target specific attribute. This is to ensure that the visitor does not abandon the survey midway. After the online survey, a deep understanding can be gauged by using a focus group. This can be done either online or offline. The focus group can be small but chosen by quota or snowball sampling. The target audience should be used as the part of the focus group. The sample can be small but the questionnaire has to be extremely detailed. This will address all questions which arose from the satisfaction or non-satisfaction of the online survey participants. The final data set will lead to a certain conclusion about the visitor satisfaction index. This can be used to provide guidelines about visitor expectations from the website and how and how much the website should be modified. The modified website will lead to higher revenue and return on investment. Online questionnaire Based on todays visit, how would you rate your site experience over all? Very bad Bad Fair Good Outstanding Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of your visit? Make a reservation Compare rates Find more information View/cancel reservation Other please specify Were you able to complete the task you visited the website for? Yes No What do you value most about the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What did you most dislike about the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Would you recommend the site to somebody? Yes No If you answered in negative to the previous question, why? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Would you recommend any changes to the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ How did you arrive at the website? Typed the URL in the browser Search engine Advertisement Link on a Blog Another website Link sent by somebody Other. Please specify _______________________________________________ The offline questionnaire presented to the focus group. This will be modified according to the response generated from the online website survey. It will be more detailed so as to sound explanations of the data derived can be provided. Offline questionnaire What is your age category? 15-20 years 20-35 years 35-60 years 60 or above What is your gender? Male Female Are you single or married? Single Married Your email address? _____________________________________________________________________ How often do you travel? More than four times a year. Twice or thrice a year. Once a year Less than once a year Is your travel related to work most of the time? Yes No Do you always make your bookings online? Yes No What features of the website did you use? _____________________________________________________________________ Did each page load quickly enough? Yes No On a scale of 1 to 5 where 1 is poor and 5 is excellent rate the following Reservation procedure Website speed Ease of navigation Visual appeal Information Your overall satisfaction Was the reservation process efficient? Yes No Were you tempted were you to abandon the reservation process midway? Yes No If yes then why? Choose one that is applicable Technical difficulties Rate issues Difficulty in finding Unfriendly website Other. Please specify ______________________________________________________________ Did you easily find what you were looking for? Yes No Did the website design confuse you? Yes No Was the language easy to understand? Yes No Was navigation comfortable? Yes No Was the information you were looking for easy to find Yes No Was the information useful? Yes No Was the information detailed? Yes No Was the information accurate? Yes No Was the information up-to-date? Yes No Did you like the appearance of the website? Yes No Do you think more visuals should be added to the website? Yes No If yes, do you think it will make the hotel more appealing? Yes No Will a more detailed, illustrative website, aid or hinder you in your work? Yes No Do you think the overall design of the website can be improved? Yes No If yes then how? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Can the website alone without the Holiday Inn brand name lead you to make a reservation? Yes No What did you like the most about the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What did you dislike most about the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What problems if any did you face when navigating the website? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Was the website user friendly? Yes No If no why not? Would you recommend the website to someone you know? Yes No If no, then why not? __________________________________________________________________ Would you navigate the site from your phone? Yes No If no then why not? _____________________________________________________________________ Do you think your time on the website was well spent? Yes No If no then why not? _____________________________________________________________________ What are your overall suggestions for the website? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Field guidelines The research survey will look at the need for developing a new website for the Holiday Inn hotels. It observes the changing trends in both website designs of the hospitality industry and nature of travelers. Data is collected from visitors to the website and their satisfaction is analyzed. Satisfaction is measured using variables which include content of the website, ease of navigation, interactivity, motivation and adoption. This is done by e-surveys and observing visitor behavior on the website. Conclusions are then drawn regarding visitor satisfaction. Since online reservations make up a chunk of all hotel reservations, it will be very important to pay due attention to

The Call of the Wild :: essays research papers

Title:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Call Of The Wild Author: Jack London Copyright: 1986 Setting:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The beginning setting takes place on the property of Judge Miller in Santa Clara Valley, California in 1897. Later the setting takes place in Alaska during the Gold Rush of the Klondike. Main Character:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Buck is the only main character of the book. Buck is a dog who is part Saint Bernard and part Shephard. Summary:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Buck is my favorite character of the book. He had such a great life before he was stolen and sold to some very nasty people. Buck was treated very badly and he had to learn how to survive. He didn’t let the people know he was scared. The only way to survive was to listen, watch and learn. Buck wanted to be the leader and fought for what he wanted and he got it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Buck had a great life living with Judge Miller and his family. He had free run of the place and played with his daughters and hunted with his sons. All the other animals were stuck in the house or behind fences.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One day a gardener named Manuel, that Buck had trusted, stole Buck and took him to a train station and sold him to people who used large dogs to pull sleds in Alaska. These men were not nice and would beat Buck and the other dogs very badly to let them know who was boss. Buck and the other dogs had no idea what was happening to them. The dogs were put onto the trains and taken to a ship that took them to Alaska where they would be sold again in teams to pull the sleds of people looking for gold and other work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When Buck and the other dogs got off the ship, the first thing they saw was white. They didn’t know what it was. It was snow. They learned quickly how hard and scary this would be. Other dogs being used were wild wolves that would tear the new dogs apart if they had the chance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Buck and eight other dogs were sold to Perrault and Francois. Buck knew he needed to learn how to survive fast. One of the dogs, Spitz, who was the leader was a wolf and very mean. He would bully the other dogs. Buck hated him and one day wanted to take him down to take his place as leader. The dogs had to live through many dangers and survive with little food and sleep.

Exercises for Different Specific Muscle Groups

Muscles, together with our bones, shape a human’s body framework. Muscle causes motions by exerting force. It is divided into four muscle groups which are the head and neck muscles, trunk muscles, upper extremity and lower extremity muscles. A well-balanced exercise program helps to maintain muscle strength and tone.Head and neck muscles move our head and shoulders thus proper exercise is needed to relax and maintain the natural muscle girdle. One can do the isometric front and back neck exercise wherein the person will sit and will gently push his or her head backwards without bending the neck to develop neck muscle. Try to avoid any more head movements as you resist the push. After doing this for 16 counts, work on pushing from the back side of your head (Miller).Trunk muscles can gain more strength from stability ball exercises. Â  You can do full squat with the stability ball by immediately extending legs and standing up and down while pressing hands up above the head to keep wrists over elbows and arms moving parallel to your body. Do this for 20 counts and then for another set.Another exercise for your trunk is the stability ball crunch wherein first you will sit upright in the stability ball with feet firmly on the floor. Walk forward allowing the stability ball to roll until it is placed on to your mid-back part. Place your hands in your chest and contract your abdomen and raise your shoulders up. It is like having sit-ups while taking care of your neck not to be strained by keeping the head at the neutral position. Do this in 20 repetitions for 3 sets (Sports Fitness Advisor).Upper extremity/limb muscles include shoulder, forearm, down to finger muscles. Strive to finish 12-15 repetitions push-ups/triceps push-ups. After that, hold free weights with your palms facing up, stand with feet hip-width apart, abdomen tight. Lift the weights, turn the palms face out, then do in reverse motion. Repeat for 12-15 repetitions (MedicineNet).To improve your lower extremity/limb muscles, do ankle exercises by sitting erectly with your soles against the base of a wall, keeping your legs straight. Place your hands on the floor behind you for support. Flex your feet to bringing your toes toward the shins. Repeat for 5 times to stretch and get your leg’s natural girdle. Last, to improve your hamstrings lie on your back with one knee bent and its foot on the floor.Extend the other leg on the floor with foot bended. Lie down your hands on your side and then extend your straight leg in the air forming as close to 90 degrees with respect to your upper body. Then lower your leg to the floor repeating for 5 times. Try to increase your motion speed with each repetition. Hold your leg up in the air on the last repetition. Jog or brisk walk for 2 minutes after completing all the exercises.

Women on a Beach Essays

Women on a Beach Essays Women on a Beach Essay Women on a Beach Essay Women on a beach discussion After reading and analyzing the poem Women on a beach written by Ann Michaels, I have noticed many occurrences of imagery and the use of literal and figurative language manipulated into the poem. The first use of imagery is when Ann uses light chooses white sails, the bellies of gulls. Ann is describing the scene of the poem in a unique way so that its not very dull and boring and makes it more amusing for the reader. Since its the first line of the poem, you want to engage the reader to continue reading by making it interesting. Another case of imagery that appears in the poem is when Ann says, the beach glows grainy under the suns copper pressure. This is another unique way that Ann uses to describe the scene because she points out that the heat from the sun is shinning down onto the sand and its very hot out making it glow. Shes explaining the temperature of the setting In intonating way making it more interactive for the reader. An additional use of imagery that Ann uses in her poem is when she says, the wind finger against your cheek like a tendril of hair. This is describing the slight breeze that is taking place In the scene using personification. Shes attributing human characteristic to something nonhuman, which in this case is the wind. In conclusion, Ann Michaels used Imagery throughout her poem to transform the everyday Into the unique. Cyrus Montreal

Louisa May Alcott essays

Louisa May Alcott essays Louisa May Alcott was born in Germantown, PA, on Nov. 29, 1832, and she was the second daughter of Abigail May and Amos Bronson Alcott. She had an older sister Anna and two younger sisters Elizabeth and May. The family moved to Boston, MA in 1834, where her father set up an experimental school that failed because of the lack of students. Since the Alcotts were relatively poor, Ralph Waldo Emerson financially supported them while they moved to Concord, MA. Amos and Abigail were both progressive educators and part of the Transcendental Movement in America so they instructed Louisa and her three sisters in this progressive educational style. Her father advised Louisa to keep a journal. She began this journal at a very young age and kept with it until her last days on earth. The journal was open to inspection by her father and mother. Mrs. Alcott would often write little notes to her daughter. Louisa included poetry and letters in her entries, as well as comments to her sisters and moth er. This journal helped lead her into her literary career. Louisa wrote poems, novels, and short stories most of which were published. Some of her early work was written under the pen name, Flora Fairchild. Her most well known work was Little Women, which was based on her own life. "Marmee" is her mother, "Meg" is her sister Anna, "Jo" is Louisa herself, "Beth" is her younger sister Elizabeth, and "Amy" is her youngest sister May. In real life the sisters would act out elaborate scenes in an old barn or by the stream just like they did in Little Women. Louisa May Alcott's career was not restricted to writing. Beginning in her late teens, she worked as a teacher for several years and off-and-on as a seamstress. In 1867, Louisa became the editor of Merry's Museum, a children's magazine. Louisa Alcott also was an avid social reformer. Abolition, temperance, and educational reform were among her chosen causes. But being a feminist at heart, she especially...

Case Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Case - Assignment Example The variable costs increase as the number of units increase. Similarly, the variable costs decrease as the number of units is reduced. However, the fixed costs remain the same at all production quantity levels (increase, decrease or steady sales and production outputs). Since the unit selling price for each boat is $20,000 and the total variable cost of each boat is $8,000, then the contribution margin is $12,000 per boat. To arrive at the breakeven sales, the $24,000 fixed cost amount is divided by the $12,000 contribution margin per boat. The consequent sales (breakeven) is two units. This is arrived at by dividing the $24,000 fixed costs by the contribution margin, $12,000 per boat. To arrive at the breakeven sales amount, the breakeven sales unit, 2, is multiplied by the unit selling price per boat, $20,000. Consequently, the breakeven sales amount is $40,000. The second situation shows the selling price is raised to $25,000 per boat. Consequently, the breakeven sales amount is the sale that results to the same zero profits (Hilton, 2011). Since the fixed cost is $24,000. There must be enough sales cash inflow to defray the $24,000 fixed cost amount. Consequently, the contribution margin must be equal to the $24,000 fixed costs amount to arrive at the same zero profit. Likewise, the data shows that each boat generates variable costs amounting remains at $8,000. Since the unit selling price for each boat is $25,000 and the total variable cost of each boat is $8,000, then the contribution margin is raised to $17,000 per boat. To arrive at the breakeven sales, the $24,000 fixed cost amount is divided by the $12,000 contribution margin per boat. The sales (breakeven) is 1.41units. This is arrived at by dividing the $24,000 fixed costs by the higher contribution margin, $17,000 per boat. To arrive at the breakeven sales amount, the breakeven sales unit, 1.41, is multiplied by the higher unit selling price per boat,

ScapeGoat MJ Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

ScapeGoat MJ - Assignment Example Let me begin with the points in the book which are universal and to some extent we could agree such as collective persecution. So as not to be misquoted, I will lift directly from the book about collective persecution which â€Å"acts of violence committed directly by a mob of murderers such as the persecution of the Jews during the Black Death. By collective resonances of persecutions I mean acts of violence, such as witch-hunts, that are legal in form but stimulated by the extremes of public opinion†. There is no question that persecution is an act of violence committed by a mob murderers and even if the examples of the Jews are used during the Black Death, I still totally agree with it. Indeed the Jews were persecuted during the Black Death and even during Second World War in Hitler’s concentration. While I agree to this example in persecution, this examples reveals the bias of the book in the narrative of a certain people – the Jews. It is important to note h owever that in citing the prejudice of the example, I am not belittling the suffering of the Jews during the Black Death and I even added during the Second World War. It is just that my experience as a male Arab Muslim, the example of Jews who were oppressed run counter to my experience. In my eyes and in the eyes of Muslims, the Jews had morphed into tormentors from being the victims. In the eyes of the Muslim world, they have transformed into a modern Hitler that persecuted another group of people which are the Palestinians. It was not so long ago that we saw Gaza turned into a modern day Auschwitz where civilians, including children were killed during the bombing of Israel under the pretext of self-defense. This pretext of self-defense is consistent with the books assertion about persecution which are acts of violence which are â€Å"legal in form but stimulated by

History of Organized Crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History of Organized Crime - Essay Example While the author follows this purpose with single-minded intent, her level of success varies. Regardless of the full extent of authenticity, the book provides a number of interesting anecdotes and a good general overview of the climate that allowed the mob to flourish. If not complete gospel, it at least provides one with interesting insights into the life of an infamous figure in history. Edmond’s biography about Virginia Hill attempts to follow Hill’s life from beginning to end. It thus attempts to not only offer a connection between her later life and the difficult home life se had as a young child (while also trying to create a semi-sympathetic character). August 26, 1916, one Onie Virginia Hill, the seventh of ten children, is born to W.M. â€Å"Mack† Hill in Lipscomb, Alabama. Mack is essentially a horse trader whose little success went straight to alcohol; his wife Margaret begins working to try and provide a more stable income. Mack’s inebriation grows directly in proportion with longer periods spent at home with the children, and a young Virginia follows her mother’s example by allowing the man to be the undisputed ruler of the household. Around the age of seven, Virginia defends herself against her father by throwing a skillet of hot grease on him†¦ her following taunts so enrage him that his anger is vented on Margare t instead. Virginia recalls this moment as her first self-assertion†¦ seeing how quickly her father withdrew and feared her from this, Virginia chooses to never take such abuse again. Virginia’s biggest concern at the time is losing her father’s love, but soon realizes she has nothing to lose. She cites this realization as the guideline for the rest of her life: she cannot allow herself to be emotionally vulnerable, and therefore decides to never â€Å"love† a man. To some degree, this becomes the guideline of Hill’s life. Somewhere in the 1920’s Margaret Hill took the children and moved to

Definition of Groupthink. Retrieved from Essay Example for Free

Definition of Groupthink. Retrieved from Essay I have always had a different idea of what groupthink really means, to me I thought of it as a bad idea from someone amongst a group of people that had not been voiced seemingly because the person having this thought lacks confidence or backing. More like trying to proof to your business partners that an idea of using an outdated tactic to target a young crowd is not the best idea In its own definition Wikipedia(2013) describes groupthink as a psychological phenomenon that occurs within a group of people, in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an incorrect or deviant decision- making outcome, whereas it can also be viewed as the practice of thinking or making decisions as a group in a way that discourages creativity or individual responsibility. All different versions of what it is but also giving a detailed well round idea and description. Good examples of groupthink situations as studied by Janis in the book â€Å"fiascoes† are such as the United States government failure to anticipate the Pearl Harbor attacks, the Bay of Pigs invasion, the escalation of Vietnam War, and the ill-fated hostage rescue in Iran (Janis,1972) Some recent past examples of groupthink would be in the hastened decision making of the Bush administration and Congress to pursue an invasion of Iraq based on a policy of â€Å"preemptive use of military force against terrorists and rogue nations.† It is definitely an undeniable fact that groupthink has been a large part of decision making in the United States government for a long time. As we speak, arguably the best current example of groupthink that the American government is facing is the Obama Care. This is so because some might see it as a majority of democrat leaders refusing to see or identify with different ideas that are outside theirs, thus leading to what psychologist consider as a mental deficiency commonly known as groupthink. â€Å"Groups affected by groupthink ignore alternatives and tend to take irrational actions that dehumanize other groups† (Janis, 1972). I found it rather interesting reading the article by the net advisor to bring out reasons as to why the Obama care was created under the influence of groupthink. The net advisor article reads â€Å"the patient protection and affordable care act or â€Å"Obama Care† was passed by majority of the then Democratic House. The house leadership under Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) refused to allow the US senate of any party to even consider debating, let alone voting on Obama care. The house by passed the entire U.S. senate by using a controversial self-executing rule or â€Å"deem and pass† procedure then quickly sent it to president Obama to sign†(Net advisor). This brings out the question, what if the Democratic Party had not made such an irrational decision to pass the Obama Care, would it have made any difference in the case of the government shutdown. Since the main reason that led to most of the republican members to oppose raising the debt ceiling that would have prevented the government from shutting down was primarily a disagreement in the Obama care. This is arguable in both sides since the republican party might also have made a groupthink decision to prevent the Obama care under any circumstances, leading to a government shutdown that has dented the government debt even more, ironically an issue that they (republican party) are trying to avoid with the Obama care. The united states is established in two well defined parties and many are the times that the conflicting views from each party, makes it harder to make any decisions or view the others opinion. Hopefully in the future the decisions from our leaders can be viewed in a more universal dimension, thus the administrators of our president can challenge each other to eliminate groupthink. References Janis, I (1972, Victims of groupthink (1st edition ed) retrieved from http:// leadership theory 3450.blogspot.com Obama care is an example of Groupthink gone wrong. Retrieved from http://netadvisor.org/2013/09/26. Definition of Groupthink. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groupthink

Emotional And Rational Appeals :: essays research papers

Emotional and Rational Appeals Abstract In many studies, data has been led to suggest that rational messages may encourage the generation of content based cognitive responses and lead to attitudes heavily influenced by these cognitions. Studies have also led to suggest that people in negative moods are affected by the quality of persuasive messages. Using manipulations techniques, bad mood may result in a different interpretation of anything from a verbal argument to a literal message. Even though most studies indicate that good mood manipulations may not have that much effect on one's perception of a scenario, further investigation may do away with that theory. Persuasion in Response to Emotional and Rational Appeals   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Much research has been done to try and indicate that emotional appeals may influence attitude change. The other side of looking at the spectrum is that rational appeals may do likewise (e.g., Rosselli; Francine; Skelly, John J.; Mackie, Diane M, 1995). In one study conducted at the University of California at Santa Barbara, 184 students received partial course credit in return for their participation. Subjects in the experiment were assigned to the cells of a 2(positive or neutral mood) x 2(emotional or rational message type) x 2(strong or weak argument quality). Subjects were in groups of two to six. After this step was established, eight messages in approximately equal length were developed. Each message contained six arguments that were either in favor or against using animals for research purposes. Rational and emotional were used in nature and strong and weak were used in quality. In the procedure of the experiment, subjects participated in an experimental session that included several tasks that were not directly related to the study. The first test included a survey of the subjects' attitudes toward animal testing. After this was completed, subjects read a persuasive message, then responded to questions concerning the topic of animal research, and finally completed items designed to check the effectiveness of the manipulations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After checking the analysis, indications showed that there was no effects for gender. To add to this, responses to all manipulation check measures were entered into one of four separate groups between subjects analyses of variance (ANOVAs). When looking at the message type, the data had revealed the expected main effect for message type, F(1, 65) = 33.44. p

Game Development Essay

Once upon a time, the peaceful Kingdom of Greenland was invaded by the unexplained monster ruled by a tyrannous Garviod who was famous for his black magic. The beautiful Kingdom fell into ruin and despair. The inhabitants become an unexplainable creature. Some are became plants, trees, animals and those who are unkind to the nature became stones, garbage and monsters. Unfortunately, one of the inhabitants that have been transformed by a black magic was the old Prophet living in a cage and he became an old Tree. According to his prophecy, there will be a simple gardener who will have the power to fight the monsters in the Kingdom. The old prophet Tree traveled to find the man on his prophecy. As he traveled, he found Seedy. Humble and loving nature gardener who was transform to a seed. The old Tree gives him a map to find the treasure of X-lost. Then he said, â€Å"That the only way to break the evil spell and return the inhabitants of Greenland into normal was the magical light hidden in the treasure of X-lost.† But the ruling monsters Garviod heard about the magical treasure of X-lost and he keeps the treasure in one if his castle. Seedy humbly vowed to rescue the Kingdom and he started his journey to find the treasure of X-lost in the Castle of Garviod. Could Seedy overcome the many obstacles facing him and became a true hero? Let’s find it in the â€Å"Adventure of Seedy†. 1.2 Statement of the Problem The following problems were identified: 1. In many computer games, others kids are rewarded for being more violent. The child practicing violence in his own like killing, stabbing and shooting. 2. Some computer games are teaching kids a wrong values. 3. Some of games are simply for entertainment. 1.3Objectives The aims of the study are: 1. To development a game that would not portray violence. Rather than using a objects that represents violence, the proponent will design an object that are simple yet related to the environment. 2. To design a game that will teach the kids/user the value of environment. 3. To develop a game that makes learning fun not only to entertain. The items, weapons and object in the game are design next to the concept of environment.

Eating out Vs. Eating In Essay

Throughout the years the economy has changed drastically, putting us into a terrible recession. Gas prices have increased, taxes have increased, and many foolish, young girls are having babies that they cannot support, causing them to go on welfare, making hard working citizens such as you, and me pay for their needs. Food is an essential part of daily life. Why waste even more of my hard earned money by eating out, when I can easily save it, and be much healthier by eating in? I am on a tight budget, very family oriented, and conscious about my health, so eating at home, rather than going out is more beneficial because it’s healthier, cheaper, and more comfortable for me to be in my own environment. I don’t know about you, but to me, there is nothing better than a full wallet, a full belly, and being able to kick back, relax, and enjoy the comfort of my home. First off, eating at home is much healthier than eating out. Preparing food at home allows me to control the ingredients that I add to the meal, and I can be sure that the food and dishes are properly cleaned, since I did it myself. Being a huge germ-a-phoebe, I always wash my dishes in hot water, and use lots of soap. I find relief in knowing that only myself, and my family have used our utensils; no one else. Furthermore, I always make sure to thoroughly clean my food before I cook it, to ensure that it is not rotten, and all the bacteria is removed. I do this mostly with meats, lettuce, fruits, and vegetables. I am very conscious about my weight, and my health, so I eat in portions, grill instead of fry, and try to cut out as many carbs, sugars, and fats as I can. However, restaurants do not try to cut out any of those things. In fact, restaurant meals are often fried, and contain high sodium, oil, and fat, which can cause high cholesterol, and weight gain, making them very unhealthy. It also cuts down my options on their menu a great deal. I find it very important to eat healthy so I can keep my energy levels up, maintain a strong mind and body, and prevent myself from possibly developing any health issues in the future. Statistics show that 1 in 4 people a year, suffer from food poising caused by eating out. When I eat at a restaurant I always worry about who is touching my food, if their hands are clean, what they put in my food, or if the food is old, or cleaned properly. I also worry about the eating utensils, and if they are cleaned thoroughly. If they are not, I could be ingesting millions of germs and bacteria from a complete stranger who ate there before me. Restaurants are public places with many people inside; some of which could be ill. If I were to come in contact with them, I could easily catch their germs, and become ill as well. When I eat at home, prepare and clean my own food, and use utensils that I cleaned myself, I never have to worry about any of those health risks caused by eating out. Secondly, eating at home instead of at a restaurant enables me to cut down on my budget, and save more money. Usually, there is always food at my house. My mom always buys macaroni and cheese, soup, lunch meats, cereal, or hot pockets. Whenever I don’t have a taste for any of those things, or if there is none left, my mother and I take a five minute walk to our local Jewel-Osco, where they always have great deals. Just the other day, we bought a four pack of boneless chicken breasts, a pound of pasta, pesto sauce, mushrooms, garlic, lemons, and a 2-liter of soda, for a total of roughly $32 dollars. Restaurants, on the other hand, have to ensure on making enough money to buy more ingredients, pay their employees, pay bills, etc. , so food prices at restaurants are always higher than food I buy at the grocery store, and prepare myself. For example, when my family of four goes out to our favorite Italian restaurant, Giacomos’s, and we order the same exact meal my mother and I purchased at Jewel, it is $16 dollars a plate per person, plus $2 dollars per glass of soda, 25% of the bill as a tip for the waiter, and around $10 dollars in gas to drive there. That totals out to be around $100 dollars, meaning we save roughly $70 dollars just by eating in. A U. S. survey shows that a family can save around $2,000 dollars a year, just by eating at home. Last but not least, I am much more comfortable eating at home, rather than eating out at a restaurant for many reasons. A few years ago, I was with my friend, Sarah at Panera Bread, and a middle aged man came and sat down at a table right next to us, even though there was many empty tables further away. While I was eating, I started to tell Sarah a joke, and when I reached the punch line, we both burst out laughing, and so did the man. After that, he kept staring at me eat, while listening intently to more of our conversation. I felt very annoyed, uncomfortable, and I just wanted to leave. Sometimes restaurants are also very crowded, and noisy, and they have disgusting looking bathrooms that have toilet paper all over the floor, and they smell like rotting pee. Like I mentioned, I am a germ-a-phoebe, and I’m also claustrophobic, so it is very hard to find peace, and comfort in an environment like that. Furthermore, any time I go out to a restaurant, or in public, I always try to look my best just in case I run into a cute guy, or someone I know. This of course takes time. I have to put on makeup, do my hair, and try on a hundred different outfits until I am completely satisfied with how I look. Most of the time I’m satisfied with tight fighting clothing that squeezes my whole body, causing extreme discomfort. Yet when I eat at home, I don’t have to waste time doing any of those things. I can be a bum if I want to, and wear sweatpants. I don’t need to put on makeup, I can throw my hair up in a messy bun, and not have to worry about impressing anyone. Most importantly, I don’t have to stress out about it being too crowded or noisy in my home, since I only live with three other people. I can even sit on my couch, relax, and watch my favorite TV shows while I eat, all snuggled up, comfy, and stress free. More so, I can use my own clean, and fresh smelling bathroom without having to wait in line, or squat above the toilet seat. Can’t beat that. In conclusion, I prefer eating at home rather than eating out because it is healthier, cheaper, and much more comfortable. Not to mention much more sanitary also. I don’t have to worry about food poisoning, nosey strangers, being broke, getting ready, or being uncomfortable. Restaurants cook mainly fatty foods, charge way too much, and are usually crowded and noisy. After a long, hard day at work, I can’t wait to kick my shoes off, change into comfy PJ’s, eat a healthy dinner, and relax in my quiet, stress free house, saving time and money, while finding comfort in the privacy of my home, sweet home.

MacBeth and Marxist Theory

MacBeth and Marxist Theory Free Online Research Papers Marxist ideology doesn’t simply indicate a belief system, but a manipulative set of ideas designed to benefit a ruling class; one which dictates a false/faulty understanding of social reality and economic foundations. The Marxist viewpoint, as it relates to Shakespeare, according to Wiatt Ropp, in his easy entitled â€Å"Marxist Criticism: MacBeth as Ideology,† suggests that Shakespeare legitimizes established authority and supports its values and beliefs. He supports this theory with the supposition that MacBeth’s ambition and violent behavior â€Å"subverts his world’s natural order, and it results in the ruin of himself and those around him.† If society’s natural condition is harmonious, as those in power tend to assert, MacBeth’s undermining of the political order (killing the king), the moral order (his lies and murder), religious order (seeking the witches consult) and male dominated order (by giving into Lady Macbeth’s wishes), it stands to reason that MacBeth is bad and, therefore, must be punished. How else are those in power able to perpetuate their power? Noam Chomsky suggests that it is the â€Å"intellectuals† within a society that tell the rest of the citizenry how to think and what to do. (87) These intellectuals tend to drift towards the upper end of the social spectrum for their own rewards, and as a result tend to support the interests of that ruling class. Messages that support, for example, the president, the law and the system, then, are the inevitable end result of their undertakings. According to George Orwell, â€Å"Shakespeare liked to stand well with the rich and powerful, and was capable of flattering them in the most servile way. He is also noticeably cautious†¦in his manner of uttering unpopular opinions. Almost never dos he put a subversive or skeptical remark into the mouth of a character likely to be identified with himself.† (61) The implication here is that Shakespeare and MacBeth, exist to support the established authority and social order, that this authority is fair and good and that those who threaten it, as Macbeth has, deserve whatever ill-fortune befalls them. The end game this ideology exists to create is an attitude of resignation; one which encourages the notion that change is not only undesireable, but, more than likely, unmanageable. Research Papers on MacBeth and Marxist TheoryEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementCapital PunishmentThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeHonest Iagos Truth through DeceptionBringing Democracy to Africa